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2Sheets-Sheet1. Jt BETTELEY.

Construction of Ships.

No. 133,621. Patented Dec.3,1872.

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Construction of Ships.

No. 133,621. Patented De.3,1s72.

@GG/G3009@ JOSEPH BETTELEY,'OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION 0F si-urs.

Specification formingpart of Letters Patent No. 133,62ll, dated December 3, 1ST 2.

To all whom 'lt may concern:

Beit known that I, J osnrn BETTELEY, of London, England, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Ships or Vessels; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, true,A and exact description thereof, reference being had to the drawing hereunto annexed; that is to say- These improvements relate, first, to the construction of the hulls of iron or steel and of composite ships or vessels; and consist,

iirst, in the employment of metal bars double hanged on one or both sides forthe vertical frames, the bars being carried down to the keel to which they are bolted or to a plate laid thereon,t these bars having riveted to them the vertical door-plates; secondly', to the employment ot plates between the outside skin and the ceiling to form an additional bottom, such plates being secured to the tloorplates, the spaces below the plates serving to contain cement or a compound to act as permanent ballast, or not, as desired.

4The invention is carried out in the following manner, whereby the vessels are, iirst, of general greater strength; second, less liable to become injured by grounding or lodging on rocks or dangerous shoals; third, they are rendered more compact and more efcient to withstand the wear and tear of long sea voyages, and also the shocks and concussions in rivers and docks.

Figure l of the accompanying drawing represents a piece of plankin g, a, with two forms ot bars or ribs ot' which my vertical frames for ships are composed. One form of bar is hanged on both sides, as at b b, while the other form ot' bar is flan ged on one side only, as at c c. Fig. 2 is a piece of plating or outer skin of an iron ship in which the second-described form of bars or vertical ribs c c is shown, either or both ot' which forms can be used in the same vessel, as desired. The vertical ribs forming the frame of the vessel are carried down to the keel el, as shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, to which they are `bolted direct, or to a plate laid thereon. The lower ends ofthe ribs c c have the licor-plates e e riveted to them, the upper parts of which door-plates carry the ceiling f in the usual manner. Between the ceiling and the ships bottom I tix intermediate plates g g, the plates being fastened to the Hoor-plates e e by angle-irons h h, as shown in Fig.l 7, or by their ends being turned up for thepurpose. The ends of the with cement, arched intermediate plates g terminate at the turn ot the bilge, as seen in Fig. 8, which is a view through the linew x of Fig. 3. The spaces between the bottom or outside plates a aand the intermediate plates g g may be filled in at the top, as shown in Figs. et, 5, and 6; or they may be left empty, as desired. If they have cement in' them the cement acts as a permanent ballast. The plates g g have tapped holes in them in which screw-bolts can he placed, which bolts can be temporarily removed when it is desired to ascertainthe quantity of bil gc-water upon the cement or in the spaces. y

In some cases, where the intermediate plates run fore and aft in lieu of across the ship, I tix them on the top of the tloor-plates e c, the

turned-up ends of the plates which are riveted y together serving for the ceiling to be placed on. The surface may, however, be made tlush by a cement or compound, the thickness ot which will be determined by the height of the turned-up ends.

In the case of composite shipsthose that have iron vertical frames and wood outside planking and wood inside floors-I carry the bars or ribs (double tlanged on one or both sides) down to the keel and bolt them direct thereto, usin g metal strips or fish-plates m m on the meeting-edges. In some cases where a wood outside planking is used I attach iron floor-plates to the ribs c c in lieu of using wood doors; and,

Having now described the nature oi' my invention, I claim- 1. The metal bars, double flanged on one or both sides for the reception ot' the vertical frames, these bars having'riveted to them the vertical iioorplates, and carried down to the keel, to which they are bolted, as and for the purposes described.

2. Metal plates interposed between the outside slzin and the ceiling to form an additional bottom, such plates being secured to the iioorand the spaces between the plates being tllled with cement to-act as permanent ballast and to `prevent the ingress of water, substantially as described.

I'n witness whereof I, the said JOSEPH BET- TELEY, have hereunto set my hand this nineteenth day of August, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.

Witnesses: JOSEPH BETTELEY.

H. GARDNER, S. M. DANIEL,

166 Fleet Street, London. 

